Signals & Systems Lab 2

Experiment No.: 1

Details

Roll Number : K057 Name : Tejas Kamal Sahoo Branch : Btech Cyber Security Year : 2nd Semester : 2 Date & Time : 31-07-2024 23:25

AIM

Write a MATLAB code to plot basic signals in both continuous and discrete time domains:

1. Sinusoidal
2. Cosine wave
3. Exponential signal
4. Unit step
5. Unit Ramp
6. Unit impulse

MATLAB CODE

clc;
clear all;
close all;
 
% Sinusoidal Signal
A = 5; % amplitude
f = 3; % frequency
t = [0:0.001:2];
x = A * sin(2 * pi * f * t);
subplot(4,4,1);
plot(t, x);
xlabel('time');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('sinusoidal signal of freq 3 Hz');
 
% Cosine Signal
x1 = A * cos(2 * pi * f * t);
subplot(4,4,2);
plot(t, x1);
xlabel('time');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('cosine signal of freq 3 Hz');
 
% Unit Step Signal
t1 = [-1:0.1:10];
n = length(t1);
u = [];
for i = 1:n
    if (t1(i) < 0)
        u(i) = 0;
    else
        u(i) = 1;
    end
end
subplot(4,4,3);
plot(t1, u);
title('Step Signal');
 
% Unit Ramp Signal
t7 = [-1:0.1:10];
n = length(t7);
u = [];
for i = 1:n
    if (t7(i) < 0)
        u(i) = 0;
    else
        u(i) = t7(i);
    end
end
subplot(4,4,4);
plot(t7, u);
title('Ramp signal');
 
% Unit Impulse Signal
t5 = [-1:0.1:10];
n = length(t5);
u = [];
for i = 1:n
    if (t5(i) == 0)
        u(i) = 2;
    else
        u(i) = 0;
    end
end
subplot(4,4,5);
plot(t5, u);
title('Unit Impulse');
 
% Discrete Sinusoidal Signal
subplot(4,4,6);
stem(t, x);
xlabel('time');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('sinusoidal signal of freq 3 Hz (discrete)');
 
% Discrete Cosine Signal
subplot(4,4,7);
stem(t, x1);
xlabel('time');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title('cosine signal of freq 3 Hz (discrete)');
 
% Discrete Unit Step Signal
subplot(4,4,8);
stem(t1, u);
title('Step signal (discrete)');
 
% Discrete Unit Ramp Signal
subplot(4,4,9);
stem(t7, u);
title('Ramp (discrete)');
 
% Exponential Signal
t2 = [0:0.001:2];
u = exp(3 * t2);
subplot(4,4,10);
plot(t2, u);
title('Exponential Signal (exp(3*t))');
 
u = exp(-3 * t2);
subplot(4,4,11);
plot(t2, u);
title('Exponential Signal (exp(-3*t))');
 
% Discrete Exponential Signal
subplot(4,4,12);
stem(t2, u);
title('Exponential Signal (exp(3*t), discrete)');
 
u = exp(-3 * t2);
subplot(4,4,13);
stem(t2, u);
title('Exponential Signal (exp(-3*t), discrete)');

Output

The generated plots will show the following signals in both continuous and discrete forms:

1. Sinusoidal
2. Cosine
3. Exponential (both exp(3t) and exp(-3t))
4. Unit step
5. Unit ramp
6. Unit impulse

CONCLUSION

Through this experiment, we were able to plot various signals by writing MATLAB code and understand the differences between continuous and discrete signals.