🪴 TJ's Notes 1.0

Probability and Statistics Lab 3

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INFO

Displaying relations from Probability and Statistics Lecture 17 Document P3_DataVisualization in R.pdf

Question 1

# Q1
plot (cars$speed, cars$dist,
     main = "Relation between speed and distance   ",
     xlab = "Speed",
     ylab = "Distance",
     pch=19 )

Answer 1

Question 2

# Create a factor for months
months <- factor(c("Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", 
                   "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"),
                 levels = c("Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", 
                            "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"),
                 ordered = TRUE)
 
# Average temperatures for a city (example data)
avg_temp_city <- c(2.0, 3.5, 7.0, 10.2, 14.0, 17.5, 
                   19.8, 19.0, 15.0, 10.5, 6.5, 3.0)
 
# Line plot for average monthly temperatures
plot(months, avg_temp_city, 
     type = "o",                     # Line and points
     col = "blue",                   # Line color
     main = "Average Monthly Temperature ", 
     xlab = "Month", 
     ylab = "Temperature (°C)",
     pch = 19)                       # Solid circle for points

Question 3

# Count the number of cylinders
cylinder_counts <- table(mtcars$cyl)
 
# Create a bar plot for the cylinder counts
barplot(
  cylinder_counts,
  col = "lightblue",
  xlab = "Number of Cylinders  ", 
  ylab = "Count"                
)

Answer 3

Question 4

hist(
  iris$Sepal.Length,
  col = rainbow(10),
  main = "Distribution of Sepal Lengths",
  xlab = "Sepal Length",
  ylab = "Frequency"
)

Answer 4

Question 5

boxplot(mtcars$wt~mtcars$cyl,
         col="orange",
         x1ab="Number of Cylinders " ,
         main="Car Weights by Cylinder Count  " )

Answer 5

Question 6

species_counts <- table(iris$Species)
pie(
  species_counts,
  labels = names(species_counts),
  col = rainbow(length(species_counts)),
  main = "Proportion of Species in Iris Dataset  "
)

Question 8

pairs (iris [1: 4],main="Scatter Plot Matrix for Iris Dataset   ")

Answer 8

Question 9

plot(mtcars$disp, mtcars$hp,
     col="red",
     pch=19,
     xlab= " Displacement ",
     ylab= " Horsepower ",
     main="Disp1acement vs Horsepower")

Answer 9

Question 10

# Set the layout for 2x2 plots
par(mfrow = c(2, 2))
#   
# Histogram of Sepal Length
hist(
  iris$Sepal.Length, 
  col = "lightgreen",
  main = "Histogram of Sepal Length", 
  xlab = "Sepal Length"
)
 
# Boxplot of Car Weights by Cylinder Count
boxplot(
  mtcars$wt ~ mtcars$cyl, 
  col = "orange",
  main = "Car Weights by Cylinder Count", 
  xlab = "Cylinders", 
  ylab = "Weight"
)
 
# Scatterplot of Displacement vs Horsepower
plot(
  mtcars$disp, mtcars$hp,
  col = "red",
  main = "Displacement vs Horsepower",
  xlab = "Displacement",
  ylab = "Horsepower"
)
 
# Line plot for Monthly Average Temperature
months <- c("Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec")
avg_temp <- c(30, 32, 40, 50, 60, 70, 75, 73, 65, 55, 45, 35)
plot(
  months, avg_temp, 
  type = "o",
  pch = 19,
  col = "blue",
  xlab = "Months",
  ylab = "Temperature",
  main = "Monthly Average Temperature"
)

Answer 10

References

Information
  • date: 2025.03.16
  • time: 20:30

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